Which of the following medications is contraindicated in patients with glaucoma due to increasing intraocular pressure?

Topiramate is known to have a potential side effect of inducing or worsening glaucoma, which is related to its mechanism of action. Specifically, topiramate can lead to an increase in intraocular pressure, making it contraindicated in individuals who have a history of glaucoma or elevated intraocular pressure. This effect is particularly concerning because glaucoma can lead to irreversible vision loss if not properly managed.

The other medications listed do not have a recognized association with increasing intraocular pressure or causing glaucoma. For instance, liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist used primarily for weight management and does not influence eye pressure. Metformin, commonly used for managing type 2 diabetes, and orlistat, a weight loss medication, also do not present the same risks concerning intraocular pressure. Thus, the specific mechanism by which topiramate affects the eye makes it the only medication in this list that is contraindicated for patients with glaucoma.