Which hormone is secreted by L cells in the ileum and colon?

The hormone that is secreted by L cells in the ileum and colon is GLP-1, also known as glucagon-like peptide-1. This hormone plays a significant role in glucose metabolism and appetite regulation. GLP-1 is released in response to food intake and helps to enhance insulin secretion from the pancreas while simultaneously inhibiting glucagon release. This action contributes to better glucose control, making GLP-1 an important player in managing conditions such as obesity and type 2 diabetes.

In addition to its effects on insulin and glucagon, GLP-1 also promotes feelings of satiety and helps slow gastric emptying, which can assist individuals in managing their food intake. This makes it a key element in obesity medicine, where understanding hormonal regulation of appetite and metabolism is crucial for effective treatment strategies.

On the other hand, insulin is primarily secreted by the pancreas, ghrelin is produced by the stomach and serves as a hunger hormone, and leptin is primarily secreted by adipose tissue to inform the brain about energy reserves. None of these hormones are secreted by the L cells in the ileum and colon like GLP-1.