Which form of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid is recommended by the AHA to reduce the risk of fatal coronary artery disease?

The American Heart Association (AHA) recommends alpha-linolenic acid as a form of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid to help reduce the risk of coronary artery disease. Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) is a plant-based omega-3 fatty acid found in foods like flaxseeds, chia seeds, and walnuts. It serves as a precursor for the synthesis of the longer-chain omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). While EPA and DHA are also beneficial and are primarily derived from fish oil and seafood, the inclusion of ALA in the diet is important for those who may not consume these animal sources as frequently or at all.

Alpha-linolenic acid is recognized for its potential to improve cardiovascular health by having anti-inflammatory effects, helping to lower blood pressure, and contributing to healthier lipid profiles. This makes it a suitable recommendation for reducing the risk of fatal coronary artery disease. Understanding the roles of various omega-3 fatty acids is crucial, as they can have different sources, mechanisms, and health implications in relation to cardiovascular disease.