What is the most common non-inherited, non-polygenic genetic syndrome associated with obesity?

Prader-Willi Syndrome is recognized as the most common non-inherited, non-polygenic genetic syndrome linked to obesity. This condition arises primarily from the loss of function of genes in a specific region of chromosome 15, which can lead to a spectrum of symptoms including hypotonia, developmental delays, and particularly, an insatiable appetite that often results in obesity.

The insatiable hunger usually begins in early childhood and is a hallmark feature of the syndrome, making individuals with Prader-Willi particularly susceptible to excessive weight gain. This overwhelming appetite is due to dysfunction in the hypothalamus, where hunger regulation occurs. Additionally, individuals with Prader-Willi Syndrome tend to have lower metabolic rates, which compounds the risk for obesity even further.

Other syndromes listed, while they may be associated with obesity, do not match the prevalence of Prader-Willi Syndrome in relation to genetic syndromes classified as non-inherited and non-polygenic. They may have different etiology or additional phenotypic presentations that do not primarily emphasize obesity as a central feature.