What is the mode of inheritance for Borgeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome?

Borgeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome is associated with a specific pattern of inheritance that primarily involves genes located on the X chromosome. This indicates that the syndrome is inherited in an X-linked manner.

In the context of X-linked inheritance, the gene mutations responsible for the syndrome are typically only expressed in males, who have only one X chromosome. Females, having two X chromosomes, may carry the mutation but often do not exhibit symptoms unless both X chromosomes are affected, which is less common. This phenomenon is critical when understanding the risks of transmission, as affected males can pass their Y chromosome to their sons (who will then be unaffected) but can pass their X chromosome to their daughters (who will become carriers or potentially affected if the condition is present on the X passed on).

In contrast, autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant conditions involve genes located on the non-sex chromosomes. Autosomal recessive conditions require both copies of a gene to be mutated for the disease to manifest, while autosomal dominant conditions require only one mutated copy for a person to be affected. Y-linked inheritance would involve genes on the Y chromosome, affecting only males and passing exclusively from father to son, which does not apply to Borgeson-Forssman