What adverse effect related to sexual arousal is associated with setmelanotide?

Setmelanotide is a melanocortin receptor agonist primarily used for the treatment of obesity due to specific genetic disorders. One of the notable side effects observed with setmelanotide treatment is an increase in sexual arousal. This effect is primarily attributed to its action on melanocortin receptors, particularly in the central nervous system, where these receptors play a role in regulating sexual behavior and arousal.

As patients undergo treatment with setmelanotide, some may experience enhanced sexual interest and heightened arousal, which can be considered a significant benefit or a noteworthy response to the drug. This particular action is in line with the drug's mechanism of stimulating melanocortin pathways, which are also implicated in sexual function.

Other choices such as decreased libido, sexual dysfunction, and infertility are not commonly associated with setmelanotide usage. Instead, the increased sexual arousal suggests a more nuanced pharmacological effect of the drug on sexual health rather than negative consequences.