Topiramate is associated with an increased risk of which type of kidney stones?

Topiramate is primarily associated with an increased risk of calcium phosphate kidney stones. This antiepileptic medication can enhance the urinary excretion of phosphate and alter the pH of urine, making it more alkaline. The changes in urinary chemistry due to topiramate can lead to the precipitation of calcium phosphate crystals, which can then form stones.

The mechanism of action related to stone formation involves the medication's impact on bicarbonate reabsorption in the kidneys and subsequently increasing urine pH, which is favorable for calcium phosphate stone formation. As a result, individuals taking topiramate may experience a higher likelihood of developing this specific type of kidney stone compared to others.